Farmers' Behaviors Toward Soil Conservation in Three Gorges Reservoir Area:Category and Mechanism

HONG Lan; WEI Jie; LI Jinlin

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.05.028

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Farmers' Behaviors Toward Soil Conservation in Three Gorges Reservoir Area:Category and Mechanism

- Farmers' Behaviors Toward Soil Conservation in Three Gorges Reservoir Area:Category and Mechanism
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 37, Issue 5, Pages: 163-168(2017)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆,401331
  2. 三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重庆市重点实验室,重庆,401331
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.05.028
  CLC：
- Published：2017
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
HONG Lan, WEI Jie, LI Jinlin. Farmers' Behaviors Toward Soil Conservation in Three Gorges Reservoir Area:Category and Mechanism[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(5): 163-168.
DOI：

HONG Lan, WEI Jie, LI Jinlin. Farmers' Behaviors Toward Soil Conservation in Three Gorges Reservoir Area:Category and Mechanism[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(5): 163-168. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.05.028.

摘要

[目的] 分析三峡库区农户水土保持行为的类型、特点、机理和主要效果，为区域水土保持和生态环境建设决策提供依据。[方法] 对三峡库区（重庆段）5个区县113户农户进行了问卷调查和重点访谈，运用调查数据分析库区农户水土保持行为类型及其机理。[结果] 三峡库区农户水土保持行为主要分自觉自愿型和政策引导型两大类。自觉自愿型是农户创造性地适应环境、保护耕地，降低投入、增加收入，以农户耕地管理和保护性耕作行为为主，农户的水土保持需求形成农户水土保持动机，产生了开挖边沟背沟、挑沙面土、大横坡+小顺坡耕作、等高耕作、免耕、反坡挖地、作物间作套种、种植植物篱和药物除草等行为。其中，间作套种、开挖边沟背沟、大横坡+小顺坡耕作和挑沙面土4项耕作行为在库区推广较好。政策引导型行为是农户受国家水土保持政策引导而参与水土保持生态建设，是国家战略需求和农户实际需要的有机结合，可以细分为三种类型，一是劳务报酬类，农户参与坡改梯等水土保持工程建设并获得劳务报酬。二是经济补偿类，农户响应国家水土保持生态建设号召，采取退耕还林等行为并获得一定补偿。三是资金补贴类，农户在政府资金前补助或后补助情况下修建塘库、道路等水土保持设施。[结论] 三峡库区农户水土保持经验丰富，各种水土保持行为均具有较好效果，值得在小流域治理等水土保持生态建设中推广。

Abstract

[Objective] To analyze the types

characteristics

mechanism and main effects of farmers' soil conservation behaviors in the Three Gorges Reservoir area

and to provide a reference for decision-making regarding regional soil erosion control and ecological environment improvement.[Methods] We investigated 113 farmers inhabited in the region with serious soil loss in five counties of the Three Gorges Reservoir area (Chongqing section)

using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. According to the survey data

we analyzed the types and mechanism of soil conservation behavior of farmers in the reservoir area.[Results] The farmers' soil conservation behaviors in the Three Gorges Reservoir area mainly include voluntary behaviors and policy-oriented behaviors. Voluntary behaviors are that farmers creatively adapt to the environment and protect farmland

to reduce investment and increase revenue. The farmers' motivation of soil conservation is elicited by farmers' needs. Under the impact of the motivation

farmers are willing to carry out soil conservation practices

including digging side ditches

turning sediments back to farmland

slope length cutdown and downslope tillage

contour ploughing

no-tillage

upslope ploughing

intercropping

planting hedgerow and herbicides weeding. Among them

four kinds of tillage behaviors

i.e.

crop intercropping

digging side ditches

slope length cutdown and downslope tillage

and turning sediments back to farmland

are more popular in the Three Gorges reservoir area. Farmers are easily influenced by the national soil conservation policies and thus participate in soil conservation ecological environment construction. The policy-oriented behaviors are a combination of the national strategic needs and the actual needs of farmers

and it could further be categorized into three subtypes. The first one is labor fee. Famers participate in the soil conservation projects such as transforming slope into terrace and obtain remuneration. Secondly

it is economic compensation. Farmers respond to the national demand of soil conservation and take defarming actions and get some compensation. The third category is for government subsidies. Farmers build soil conservation facilities like ponds

roads

etc.

for pre or post subsidies.[Conclusion] Farmers in the Three Gorges Reservoir area have rich experience in soil conservation. Many soil conservation behaviors bring positive effects and they are worth promoting among the small watershed management and other ecological construction projects.

关键词

Keywords

references

李小建.还原论与农户地理研究[J].地理研究,2010,29(5):767-777.

Gasson R, Potter C. Conservation through land diversion:A survey of farmers' attitudes[J]. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 1988,39(3):340-351.

Mbaga-Semgalawe Z, Folmer H. Household adoption behaviour of improved soil conservation:the case of the North Pare and West Usambara Mountains of Tanzania[J]. Land Use Policy, 2000,17(4):321-336.

翟文侠,黄贤金.农户水土保持行为机理:研究进展与分析框架[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(6):108-112.

马鹏红,黄贤金,于术桐,等.江西省上饶县农户水土保持投资行为机理与实证模型[J].长江流域资源与环境,2004,13(6):568-572.

马岩,陈利顶,虎陈霞.黄土高原地区退耕还林工程的农户响应与影响因素:以甘肃定西大牛流域为例[J].地理科学,2008,28(1):34-39.

Walters B B, Cadelina A, Cardano A, et al. Community history and rural development:Why some farmers participate more readily than others[J]. Agricultural Systems, 1999,59(2):193-214.

Teshome A, Graaff J D, Kassie M. Household-level determinants of soil and water conservation adoption phases:Evidence from North-Western Ethiopian highlands[J]. Environmental Management, 2016,57(3):1-17.

Willy D K, Holm-Müller K. Social influence and collective action effects on farm level soil conservation effort in rural Kenya[J]. Ecological Economics, 2013,90:94-103.

Posthumus H, De Graaff J. Cost-benefit analysis of bench terraces, a case study in Peru[J]. Land degradation & development, 2005,16(1):1-11.

Posthumus H, Deeks L K, Rickson R J, et al. Costs and benefits of erosion control measures in the UK[J]. Soil Use & Management, 2015,31(S1):16-33.

向达兵,雍太文,杨文钰,等.不同种植模式对西南坡地水土保持及作物产值的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(6):1461-1467.

潘艳华,朱红业,雷宝坤,等.水源保护区坡耕地不同种植模式水土保持效应试验[J].中国水土保持科学,2013,11(5):14-19.

王珠娜,王晓光,史玉虎,等.三峡库区秭归县退耕还林工程水土保持效益研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(1):68-72.

廖炜,高超,刘汉生,等.基于Logistic回归分析的农户参与水土流失治理状况研究:以鄂西地区为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(5):892-898.

于亚男.三峡库区"移土培肥"工程的水土保持问题研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2007.

孟庆华,杨林章.三峡库区不同土地利用方式的养分流失研究[J].生态学报,2000,20(6):1028-1033.

中华人民共和国环境保护部.长江三峡工程生态与环境监测公报[EB/OL].(2016-05-27)[2017-03-27] Http:www. tgenviron. org.

李赞红,阎建忠,花晓波,等.不同类型农户撂荒及其影响因素研究:以重庆市12个典型村为例[J].地理研究,2014,33(4):721-734.

郝仕龙,李壁成,于强. PRA和GIS在小尺度土地利用变化研究中的应用[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(2):309-315.

He Xiubin, Xu Yibei, Zhang Xinbao. Traditional farming system for soil conservation on slope farmland in southwestern China[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2007,94(1):193-200.

严冬春,文安邦,史忠林,等.川中紫色丘陵坡耕地细沟发生临界坡长及其控制探讨[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(6):1-4.

严冬春,龙翼,史忠林.长江上游陡坡耕地"大横坡+小顺坡"耕作模式[J].中国水土保持,2010(10):8-9.

邵景安,邵全琴,芦清水,等.农牧民参与政府主导生态建设工程的初始行为响应:以江西山江湖和青海三江源为例[J].自然资源学报,2012, 27(7):1075-1088.

徐阳春,沈其荣,冉炜.长期免耕与施用有机肥对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响[J].土壤学报,2002,39(1):89-96.

李玲玲,黄高宝,张仁陟,等.免耕秸秆覆盖对旱作农田土壤水分的影响[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(5):96-98,118.

洪兰,韦杰,李进林,等.三峡库区水土保持工程农户参与行为调查[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(2):244-249.

Views

1010

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Spatiotemporal variations and driving forces of vegetation coverage in Three Gorges reservoir area during 2013—2023——A case study at Badong County， Hubei Province

Effects of Soil Erosion Control Project on Environmental and Human Carrying Capacity in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Forest Hydrological Effects of Litter Layers Under Different Natural Secondary Forest in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Effects of Rainfall on Runoff from a Small Watershed in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Estimation on Erosion-induced Economic Loss in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

Related Author

Ding Fanya

Shi Chao

Li Shu

XIAO Yu-bao

QI Shi

FENG Ming-han

ZHAO Yang

WANG Bo

Related Institution

Changjiang Institute of Survey Technical Research， Ministry of Water Resources

The Park of Xiangshan

Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Center of the Yangzi River Water Conservancy Commission,Ministry of Water Resources , Hankou

The College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University

Forestry Administration of Chongqing Municipality

⁰