Characteristic of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area

YAO Na; YU Bing; CAI Chongfa; WANG Tianwei; ZHU Huirong

doi:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.01.018

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Characteristic of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area

- Characteristic of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 37, Issue 1, Pages: 97-103(2017)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 湖北省电力勘测设计院,湖北,武汉,430024
  2. 华中农业大学水土保持研究中心, 农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室,湖北,武汉,430070
  3. 秭归县园林绿化管理所, 江西秭归,443699
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.01.018
  CLC：
- Published：2017
- 稿件说明：
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YAO Na, YU Bing, CAI Chongfa, et al. Characteristic of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(1): 97-103.
DOI：

YAO Na, YU Bing, CAI Chongfa, et al. Characteristic of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2017, 37(1): 97-103. DOI： 10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2017.01.018.

摘要

[目的] 研究丹江口库区土壤的水土流失和非点源污染物氮磷流失的特点，为农业非点源污染模型的建立提供理论依据。[方法] 通过室内人工模拟降雨试验，研究了坡度和施肥等处理对产流产沙、氮磷养分（硝态氮、铵态氮、总氮、有效磷和总磷）流失特点的影响。[结果] （1）随着坡度的增加，平均入渗率和初始产流时间呈减小趋势，而径流总量和泥沙总量呈增加趋势。（2）相同施肥处理下，随着坡度的增加，泥沙中硝态氮、总氮、有效磷和总磷的流失浓度呈减小趋势，铵态氮流失浓度在不施氮肥条件下呈减小趋势，而在施氮肥处理下呈增加趋势。（3）在相同坡度条件下，随降雨时间推移，总氮浓度呈先减小后趋于稳定的趋势；铵态氮浓度随施肥处理的变化均呈现出波浪形变化；在施氮肥时，径流中硝态氮的浓度随着时间的推移，呈逐渐减小并趋于平缓的趋势，而在不施氮肥时几乎无变化。[结论] 在不同施肥措施和坡度条件下，硝态氮主要随径流而流失，为随泥沙流失的8～11倍；铵态氮主要是随径流泥沙而流失，为随径流流失的1～17倍；总氮则是随径流和径流泥沙共同流失；有效磷和总磷都是以泥沙结合态流失为主，分别为随径流流失的1 000～6 200和1～3倍。

Abstract

[Objective] We aimed to study the characteristics of soil erosion and non-point pollutants-nitrogen and phosphorus in Danjiangkou reservoir area

and to provide theoretical basis for the establishment of agricultural non point source pollution model. [Methods] Through rainfall simulation experiments

we analyzed factors affecting soil and water loss and soil nutrients

including total nitrogen(TN)

NH4-N

NO3-N

total phosphorus(TP)

available phosphorus(AP)

from purple soil

such as slope gradient and fertilizer measures. [Results] (1) The average infiltration rate and the initial runoff time decreased

however the total amount of runoff and sediment increased with the creasing slope. (2) The concentration of TN

NO3-N

TP and AP in sediments decreased with the increasing slope when they were under the same treatment. The concentration of NH4-N in runoff decreased under the condition of no nitrogen

and increased under nitrogen treatment. (3) The loss of TN was stable after the first reducing trend

the loss of NH4-N under various fertilizer treatments showed a wave-like change

the loss of NO3-N gradually decreased and flatten out at last under nitrogen treatment

but had almost no change under the condition of no nitrogen along with the rainfall time under the condition of the same grade. [Conclusion] The NO3-N was mainly lost with runoff

which was 8 to 11 times of the loss with sediment. NH4-N loss was mainly caused by the sediment erosion

which was 1 to 17 of times the loss caused by runoff erosion. The total loss of nitrogen was summary of the loss in runoff and sediment. The main way of the loss of AP and TP were lost by sediment

which were 1 000 to 6 200 times and 1 to 3 times of that by runoff erosion

respectively.

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