Indoor Model Experiment for Rainfall Effects on Bare Loess Slope Shape

WU Cai-ping; LUO Ya-sheng; CHEN Wei; LI Dan

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Indoor Model Experiment for Rainfall Effects on Bare Loess Slope Shape

- Indoor Model Experiment for Rainfall Effects on Bare Loess Slope Shape
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 32, Issue 1, Pages: 115-119(2013)
- 作者机构：
  
  西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
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- Published：2013
- 稿件说明：
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WU Cai-ping, LUO Ya-sheng, CHEN Wei, et al. Indoor Model Experiment for Rainfall Effects on Bare Loess Slope Shape[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2013, 32(1): 115-119.
DOI：

WU Cai-ping, LUO Ya-sheng, CHEN Wei, et al. Indoor Model Experiment for Rainfall Effects on Bare Loess Slope Shape[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2013, 32(1): 115-119. DOI：

摘要

黄土高原坡面的侵蚀主要发生在降雨集中的6—9月

坡面会遭到严重破坏

更甚者造成滑坡。建立了黄土裸坡的室内模型并模拟人工降雨

通过综合监测来观察降雨过程中坡面形态的变化并分析降水入渗对黄土滑坡的影响。试验结果表明:(1)降水入渗速率由快到慢;径流量/入渗量的值随时间先增长

再减小

最后稳定;坡顶的降水入渗速率始终大于坡面;(2)坡顶首先产生贯通的拉裂缝

然后坡体内部产生局部微小竖向裂缝

位移方向为坡顶下方竖直向下

坡面下方略大于45°;(3)坡面侵蚀经历了"片蚀—沟蚀—沟间坡面面蚀向深切和侧蚀发展"的过程

最终沟岸发生崩塌

坡面因受侵蚀呈整体下降趋势;(4)坡面崩滑从坡趾处自下而上发展。

Abstract

Soil erosion on the Loess Plateau mainly occurs from June to September during which high intensityrainfall occurs correspondingly

which always leads to severe damages to slope surface and even causes landslides.In this study

an indoor model of bare slope was established and the artificial rainfall device was set upover the slope.The changes of slope shape were observed and the effects of water infiltration on the loesslandslides were analyzed through comprehensive monitoring.Results show that:(1)the water infiltrationrate was low and the ratio of runoff to infiltration first increased and then dropped to a steady level with theincreased time.Water infiltration rate at slope top was always greater than that on the slope surface.(2)After tensile cracks were generated at slope top

small vertical cracks were created locally inside theslope.The displacement directions were vertical below the slope top and slightly greater than 45°on the lowslope section.(3)Eerosion on the slope experienced the process of"sheer erosion-gully erosion-deep andlateral erosion in the slope of ditch"

and ultimately the gully bank collapsed.The whole slope moved downwardsdue to the erosion on the slope surface.(4)The landslide developed from the toe of the slope to the top.

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