Variation Characteristics of Climatic Factors and Their Relationship with Runoff in Upstream of Weihe River

PU Jin-yong; ZHANG Qiang

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Variation Characteristics of Climatic Factors and Their Relationship with Runoff in Upstream of Weihe River

- Variation Characteristics of Climatic Factors and Their Relationship with Runoff in Upstream of Weihe River
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 32, Issue 3, Pages: 95-99(2013)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃,兰州,730020
  2. 天水市气象局,甘肃,天水,741000
  3. 甘肃省气象局,甘肃,兰州,730020
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- Published：2013
- 稿件说明：
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PU Jin-yong, ZHANG Qiang. Variation Characteristics of Climatic Factors and Their Relationship with Runoff in Upstream of Weihe River[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2013, 32(3): 95-99.
DOI：

PU Jin-yong, ZHANG Qiang. Variation Characteristics of Climatic Factors and Their Relationship with Runoff in Upstream of Weihe River[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2013, 32(3): 95-99. DOI：

摘要

根据渭河上游渭源等12县(区)国家基本(一般)气象站1971—2008年逐月气温、降水量、相对湿度、日照时数、风速等资料及北道水文站1971—2008年径流量资料

采用Mann—Kendall法、气候倾向率等方法

分析了气候因子变化特征及与径流量的关系。结果表明

自1971年以来

渭河上游气温以0.3℃/10a的倾向率上升

气温的突变年为1994年。降水量呈较明显的周期变化

突变点出现在1994年及2004年。潜在蒸散以23mm/10a倾向率增加

突变点出现在1993年。月径流量与降水量基本呈同步变化。年径流量以2.57×10

/10a倾向率减少

突变点出现在1991年。径流量与气温、潜在蒸散、降水量的相关性比较显著。气温升高

潜在蒸散增加

地表水支出增多;潜在蒸散加大

降水量减少

地表水收入减少

这是径流量减少的直接原因。

Abstract

The potential evapotranspiration were calculated based on the data of temperature

precipitation

relative humidity

sunshine duration

and wind speed from 12weather stations located in the upstream of the Weihe River and the data of runoff from the Beidao hydrometric station from 1971to 2008.The characteristics of regional climate change and runoff in the upstream were discussed and their relationship was studied using the methods of Mann-Kendall and climate inclination rate.Results showed that the mean temperature had increased by 0.3℃every ten years in the area since 1971and the catastrophic point was in 1994.Precipitation varied with periodicity and its catastrophic points were in 1994and 2004.The potential evapotranspiration had increased by 23mm every ten years in the area since 1971and catastrophe point was in 1993.This indicated that the monthly runoff varied with precipitation.The runoff had decreased by 2.57×108 m3 in every ten years and catastrophic point was in 1991.The runoff had significant correlations with temperature

precipitation and potential evapotranspiration and the model for simulating runoff with precipitation and potential evapotranspiration was set up.Because of the raised temperature

potential evapotranspiration increased and precipitation decreased

which caused the expenditure of surface water increased and the income of surface water decreased in the upstream.The runoff in the upstream of the Weihe River decreased in recent years.The dropping of runoff in the upstream would bring about stress for water resource safety in the downstream of the Weihe River.

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