Effectiveness of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Runoff Control on Slope Lands in Loess Plateau

YAN Li; HOU Qun-qun; WANG Fei; MU Xing-min

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Effectiveness of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Runoff Control on Slope Lands in Loess Plateau

- Effectiveness of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Runoff Control on Slope Lands in Loess Plateau
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 32, Issue 2, Pages: 213-217(2013)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
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- Published：2013
- 稿件说明：
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YAN Li, HOU Qun-qun, WANG Fei, et al. Effectiveness of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Runoff Control on Slope Lands in Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2013, 32(2): 213-217.
DOI：

YAN Li, HOU Qun-qun, WANG Fei, et al. Effectiveness of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Runoff Control on Slope Lands in Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2013, 32(2): 213-217. DOI：

摘要

不同的水土保持措施在减少侵蚀泥沙的同时对径流量的影响不同。以裸坡地水土流失为对照

分析了不同水土保持措施减水减沙比(Rrs)

并以其作为减沙水代价指标

根据黄土高原土壤侵蚀严重的丘陵沟壑区(西峰、绥德、天水等3个典型区)的农地径流小区多年观测资料

分析了不同耕作措施及生物措施的减沙水代价(Rrs)。结果表明

不同耕作方式Rrs差异很大

变化幅度在8.5～36.4m

/t;在耕作措施上

横向耕作的Rrs大于防冲沟和浅耕

深耕Rrs最小;生物措施方面

低秆与高秆作物间作措施Rrs大于单作低秆作物和中高秆作物轮作

牧草(草木樨、苜蓿)轮作的Rrs较农作物轮作大

且草木樨与农作物轮作的Rrs大于苜蓿与农作物轮作。随着雨量的增加和坡度的增大

耕作措施和生物措施Rrs呈减小趋势。Rrs较大的措施在减少相同的坡面侵蚀泥沙时

有利于增加土壤水分

但是不利于径流形成。

Abstract

Different soil and water conservation practices often varied considerably in sediment interceptionand runoff reduction.The cost effectiveness of sediment control can be quantified by the ratio of detainedrunoff and sediment(Rrs).Perennially monitoring data were collected from three typical loess regions(Xifengand Tianshui City in Gansu Province

Suide City in Shaanxi Province)and Rrs were calculated for differenttillage and biological practices.The results showed that the Rrsvaried greatly from 8.5to 36.4m3/t.Fortillage management

contour tillage showed the highest Rrs

followed by level ditch tillage and shallow plowing

while deep plowing had the lowest.For biological managements

the Rrsof intercropping of low-stemand high-stem crops was higher than those of monoculture of low crops and rotation of middle high-stemcrops.The Rrsof pasture(sweet clover

alfalfa)rotation was significantly higher than crop rotation

andsweet clover/crop rotation system was better than alfalfa-crop rotation system in terms of erosion control.With increasing rainfall and slope gradient

Rrsvalues decreased in general.The practice with higher Rrscouldreduce more runoff discharge and increase soil moisture content with similar performance in sediment control.

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