Landform Characters of a Small Abandoned Quarry Watershed Based on DEM

YANG Cui-xia; ZHAO Ting-ning; LIU Yu-cheng; XIE Bao-yuan; ZHANG Cheng-liang; ZHANG Hua

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Landform Characters of a Small Abandoned Quarry Watershed Based on DEM

- Landform Characters of a Small Abandoned Quarry Watershed Based on DEM
- Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation Vol. 32, Issue 3, Pages: 170-174(2013)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京,100083
  2. 大连工业大学,辽宁,大连,116034
  3. 轻工业环境保护研究所,北京,100089
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
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- Published：2013
- 稿件说明：
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YANG Cui-xia, ZHAO Ting-ning, LIU Yu-cheng, et al. Landform Characters of a Small Abandoned Quarry Watershed Based on DEM[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2013, 32(3): 170-174.
DOI：

YANG Cui-xia, ZHAO Ting-ning, LIU Yu-cheng, et al. Landform Characters of a Small Abandoned Quarry Watershed Based on DEM[J]. Bulletin of Soiland Water Conservation, 2013, 32(3): 170-174. DOI：

摘要

以北京市某废弃采石场的小流域地形为研究对象

对分辨率为0.3～7m的栅格DEM分别进行小流域参数和地形参数的提取和分析。结果发现

利用不同分辨率DEM提取的河网形态结构有显著差异

网格尺寸7

4和3m的河网结构与2

0.7

0.5

0.4和0.3m的河网结构有显著差异

二者主河道位置变化明显

但流域面积、河道长度及比降、平均坡度和高程参数相差不大

而河道总长度和河网密度参数相差较大。根据分析结果确定DEM的比较适宜的分辨率为0.5m

在此基础上利用主成分分析法得出高程和坡度为主成分。对研究区设置20°

25°

30°和35°的4个不同坡度的标准径流小区

观测日降雨量、坡度、径流量和土壤侵蚀量并分析和计算它们之间关系式

计算出整个流域在不同坡度分级及不同雨量级的平均径流量和土壤侵蚀量。研究成果对于废弃矿山修复和生态重建具有参考价值。

Abstract

Taking an abandoned quarry watershed in Beijing City as the research object

the parameters of watershed and landform were extracted and analyzed using the raster DEM at the different resolutions from 0.3to 7 m.Results showed that the morphological structure of drainage networks extracted from the different resolution DEMs had significant differences.The structures of drainage networks had significant differences between the two sets of gird size:one was with 7

4and 3mand the other was with 2

0.7

0.5

0.4and 0.3m.Positions of the two main channels changed dramatically.But there was no marked qualitative difference among drainage area

channel length and gradient

average slope and elevation.The difference was obvious between the total channel length and drainage density.According to the results

the optimal resolution of DEM was estimated to be 0.5m.The main components

i.e.

elevation and slope

were obtained using the PCA(principal component analysis).By se tting four runoff plots of 20°

25°

30°and 35°in the research area

the relationships among rainfall

slope

runoff and soil erosion were analyzed and obtained.Then

the average runoff and soil erosion of the whole drainage basin were computed for different slope grades and rainfall levels.The research results can provide reference for the restoration and ecological reconstruction of abandoned quarry.

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