The loess plateau is in the western of China

it belongs to inland area.For lacking of water resources(the total water resources is 90. 6mm in depth)

serious lossing of water and soil

the rainwater is becoming more and more important to resist droughts

develop industry and agriculture

and also improve economic environment.In addition

up-down topography and centralized rainfall(it counts for 65% rainfall from June to July of annual rainfall)would benefit to collect water.Therefor

many ways to gether runoff into soil have been founded and used since a long history.They are as follows:(l)Transforming topography for cutting runoff;(2)Ploughing and raking soil to keep water;(3)Increasing cover to reduce the loss of soil moisture and rise up water use efficiency;(4)Reasonable forming corp pattern and increasing input of fertilizer to improve water use efficiency;(5)Interval seeding and rotating of crops to reduce runoff;(6)Developing water harying system and establishing cellar-style agriculture with water saving use.All above methods give us a wide range for efficient use of rainfall in the area

and would accelerate economical exploitation and ecological environment establishment